ABSTRACT
Breastfeeding (BF) has presented, among other benefits, a reduction in infant mortality, a prevention of respiratory infections and a reduction in the risks of developing diseases. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of puerperal in relation to BF in a university hospital, as well as the sources from which this information was obtained and the professional categories responsible for same. The work was carried out at the Hospital das Clinicas, Federal University of Uberlândia (HC-UFU). Structured interviews were conducted to obtain data for the evaluation of information and exercise of the BF practice with puerperal hospitalized in the accommodation complex, for mother and child, from July 1st to December 31st, 2010. Of the total of 907 women interviewed, 617 (68.0%) intended to BF for 12 months or more, 566 (62.4%) performed the BF within the first hour of birth, in 551 cases (60.8%) the decision to BF was taken by the woman before the current pregnancy and 828 (91.3%) received help in BF. Of the women who received help, 788 (95.1%) were assisted by professionals from the nursing team. It was shown that the majority of the puerperal intended to breast-feed for 12 months or more, considering that they also carried out BF in the first hour after child birth. The study also noted the importance of the nursing staff in taking care of the mother/child pair, promoting better interaction and acceptance of BF.
O aleitamento materno tem, dentre outros benefícios, a diminuição da morbimortalidade infantil, a prevenção de infecções respiratórias e a redução dos riscos de desenvolvimento de doenças, portanto, os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar os saberes e atitudes de puérperas sobre aleitamento materno em um hospital universitário, bem como as fontes de obtenção e as categorias profissionais responsáveis por essas informações. O trabalho foi realizado no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (HC-UFU). Foram realizadas entrevistas estruturadas para obtenção de dados para avaliação de informações e exercício da prática do AM com puérperas internadas no alojamento conjunto, entre 1º de julho a 31 de dezembro de 2010. Do total de 907 entrevistadas, 617 (68,0%) das mulheres pretendiam amamentar por 12 meses ou mais, 566 (62,4%) das mulheres realizaram o AM já na primeira hora do nascimento, em 551 (60,8%) a decisão de amamentar foi tomada pela mulher antes da gravidez atual e 828 (91,3%) receberam ajuda no processo de amamentação. Das mulheres que receberam ajuda, 788 (95,1%) foram auxiliadas por profissionais da equipe de enfermagem. Foi demonstrado que a maioria das puérperas pretendia amamentar por 12 meses ou mais, tendo em vista que também realizaram o AM na primeira hora. Observou-se também a importância da equipe de enfermagem para com o cuidado do binômio mãe/filho, fazendo com que houvesse melhor interação e aceitação do AM
Subject(s)
Prenatal Care , Breast Feeding , Infant, NewbornABSTRACT
Serratia marcescens has been reported as an organism which can cause rapidly spreading, antibiotic resistant nosocomial colonization and disease. We report here an outbreak of colonization and disease due to S. marcescens involving 53 infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the Uberlândia Federal University Hospital, Brazil, between December, 1997, and April, 1998. Thirty-eight infants were colonized without clinical signs of infection and 15 infants had clinical disease. Five infants developed septicemia (4 cases were fatal, including the presumed index case). Seven infants developed conjunctivitis, 1 developed both sepis and conjunctivitis, 1 infant developed otitis, and 1 infant had a urinary tract infection. On univariate analysis, independent risk factors for S. marcescens clinical disease were: low birth weight (<1.500g), incubator care, use carbapenems, duration of hospitalization (maior igual que 7 days), low Apgar score, and prematurity. All the isolates of S. marcescens showed the same antimicrobial susceptibility profile. The causative strains were resistant to oxyimino-cephalosporins due to their production of extended-spectrum ß-lactamases. Cultures from the hands of the NICU health care professionals (HCWs), soap samples, ventilator reservoirs, and work and incubator surfaces failed to identify a reservoir of S. marcescens, but positive cultures were found in half of the sink drains. Containment of the outbreak was achieved by closure of the NICU new admissions, employment of strict hygienic measures, and careful nursing care of the infected and colonized infants. Rapid organism identification and initiation of control measures are important in containing such an epidemic at an early stage.